Inside the September Issue:
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The Afternoon Tea Times welcomes correspondence. Contact Afternoon Tea online, or by mail to: Afternoon Tea Times, MPT, 11767 Owings Mills Blvd., Owings Mills, MD 21117-1499. You may also reach MPT Afternoon Tea by telephone at (443) 394-1634.
Tea Times is a co-production of Maryland Public Television and The Insider, a publication of the BBC Sales Company.
The Insider welcomes all correspondence, story ideas and requests for contributed articles. Send letters via e-mail to Editor N. Scott Jones at bbinsider@comcast.net or by snail mail to: The Insider, c/o Oliviu Savu, BBC Worldwide Americas, 747 3rd Avenue, New York, NY 10017-2803. All letters are assumed to be for publication unless marked otherwise. The Insider reserves the right to edit letters for reason of space or clarity. Let us know what you think!
The Insider, copyright 1999-2007 by the BBC Sales Company. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without written permission. All photos and graphics used are rights free or copyrighted by the British Broadcasting Corporation. Unless otherwise indicated, all material written by N. Scott Jones.
Editor's Note
Happy Labor Day! It's hard to believe that summer is over but here we are in September. We hope all of you had a great summer season.
MPT programming brings lots of music in September. Read the Tea News Bits to see what's coming so you know you won't miss any of your favorites.
We are starting a new series on the Wars of the Roses for the fall season. We hope you find it interesting reading. We are also bringing you an article on To the Manor Born and an article on Tea Tree Oil. After reading about this essential oil you might just want to run out to buy some to put in your medicine cabinet!
MPT held a grilling recipe contest in conjunction with Primal Grill with Steven Raichlen, a production of Maryland Public Television in association with Barbecoa, Inc. and Resolution Pictures. The winner was announced on August 23 so we thought we'd share this recipe with you for your Labor Day cookout. Enjoy!
Have a great holiday!
The Tea Times Newsletter Staff
1
They Say It's Your Birthday!
Do you share a birthday with any of these people?
September 7, 1923
Peter Lawford – actor
September 9, 1952
Angela Cartwright – actress
September 19, 1930
Rosemary Harris – actress
September 21, 1866
H.G. Wells – novelist
2
The Wars of the Roses
We're going to begin a small series. The history is relatively short-lived but the resentment was deep.
The Wars of the Roses (1455-1487) were a series of dynastic civil wars fought in England between supporters of the Houses of Lancaster and York. Although armed clashes had occurred previously between supporters of Lancastrian King Henry VI and Richard, Duke of York, head of the rival House of York, the first open fighting broke out in 1455 and resumed more violently in 1459. Henry was captured and Richard became Protector of England, but was dissuaded from claiming the throne. Inspired by Henry's Queen, Margaret of Anjou, the Lancastrians resumed the conflict, and Richard was killed in battle at the end of 1460. His eldest son was proclaimed King Edward IV after a crushing victory at the Battle of Towton early in 1461.
After several years of minor Lancastrian revolts, Edward fell out with his chief supporter and advisor, the Earl of Warwick (known as the "Kingmaker"), who tried first to supplant him with his jealous younger brother George, and then to restore Henry VI to the throne. This resulted in two years of rapid changes of fortune, before Edward IV once again won a complete victory in 1471. Warwick and the Lancastrian heir Edward, Prince of Wales died in battle and Henry was murdered immediately afterward.
A period of comparative peace followed, but Edward died unexpectedly in 1483. His surviving brother Richard of Gloucester first moved to prevent Edward's widow Queen Elizabeth's unpopular family from participating in government during the minority of Edward's son, Edward V, and then seized the throne for himself, using the suspect legitimacy of Edward IV's marriage as a pretext. This provoked several revolts, and Henry Tudor, a distant relative of the Lancastrian kings who had nevertheless inherited their claim, overcame and killed Richard in battle at Bosworth in 1485.
Yorkist revolts flared up in 1487, resulting in the last pitched battles. Sporadic rebellions continued to take place until the last (and fraudulent) Yorkist pretender was executed in 1499.
Fought largely by the landed aristocracy and armies of feudal retainers, support for each house largely depended upon dynastic factors, such as marriages within the nobility, feudal titles, and tenures. It is sometimes difficult to follow the shifts of power and allegiance because nobles acquired or lost titles through marriage, confiscation or attainture. For example, the Lancastrian patriarch John of Gaunt's first title was Earl of Richmond, the same title which Henry VII later held, while the Yorkist patriarch Edmund of Langley's first title was Earl of Cambridge. However it was not uncommon for nobles to switch sides and several battles were decided by treachery.
Name and Symbols
The name "Wars of the Roses" is not thought to have been used during the time of the wars but has its origins in the badges associated with the two royal houses, the Red Rose of Lancaster and the White Rose of York. The term came into use in the nineteenth century, after the publication of Anne of Geierstein by Sir Walter Scott. Scott based the name on a fictional scene in William Shakespeare's play, Henry VI part 1, where the opposing sides pick their different-coloured roses at the Temple Church.
Although the roses were occasionally used as symbols during the wars, most of the participants wore badges associated with their immediate feudal lords or protectors. For example, Henry's forces at Bosworth fought under the banner of a red dragon, while the Yorkist army used Richard III's personal symbol of a white boar. Evidence of the importance of the rose symbols at the time, however, includes the fact that King Henry VII chose at the end of the wars to combine the red and white roses into a single red and white Tudor Rose.
The unofficial system of livery and maintenance, by which powerful nobles would offer protection to followers who would sport their colours and badges (livery), and controlled large numbers of paid men-at-arms (maintenance) was one of the effects of the breakdown of royal authority which preceded and partly caused the wars.
...to be continued.
www.wikipedia.org
3
Tea News Bits
September Programming
Tune in to MPT for coverage of the Republican National Convention on September 1 through September 4 from 8:00-10:30 pm.
Beginning the week of Sunday, September 7 get ready for some fabulous music! On September 7 at 7:00 pm tune in for Great Performances: Great Moments at the Met, truly a Viewer's Choice winner. This will be followed by Great Performances: Pavarotti-A Life in Seven Arias.
Monday, September 8 at 8:00 pm, brings John Denver: A Song's Best Friend followed by My Music: My Generation - The 60's. Tuesday, September 9 at 8:00 pm, be sure to tune in for Roy Orbison & Friends: A Black & White Night. This is followed by Australian Pink Floyd Live at the Royal Albert Hall. We've seen this act and this group is amazing!
Great Performances: South Pacific in Concert is brought to you on Wednesday, September 10 at 8:00 pm. Rounding out the concerts on Thursday, September 11 at 8:30 pm is American Soundtrack: Doo Wops Greatest Hits.
Music continues on Sunday, September 14 at 6:00 pm with Backstage with A Chorus Line followed by My Music: Doo Wop Love Songs. Monday, September 15, tune in for Carole King: Welcome to My Living Room followed by Billy Joel: The Stranger. Fast forward to Wednesday, September 17 at 8:00 pm for Live From Lincoln Center: New York Philharmonic Opening Night Gala with Sir James Galway. Stay glued to your set because this is followed up by Los Lonely Boys Cottonfields. We bring you two Keeping Scores on Friday, September 19 at 10 pm. First is Stravinsky's Rite of Spring and then Beethoven's Eroica.
And to end the month, MPT celebrates Goddard Space Flight Center and NASA's 50th Anniversary in 2008 with PBS' most acclaimed science, technology and news programming. As we begin Space Week on Sunday, September 28, please join us at 6:00 pm for NASA Goddard Space Flight Center followed by Minds Behind the Station. On Wednesday, September 30 be sure to watch NOVA: Sputnik Declassified. This programming will continue into October. Be sure to read about it in the October Tea Times.
The Brit Coms will not be aired on Saturday, September 6, Saturday, September 13, or Saturday, September 20 due to Pledge, nor will they be aired during the weekdays of September 8 thru September 12. All your favorites return beginning Monday, September 15 for weekday broadcast and Saturday, September 27 for Saturday broadcast.
Do you have clutter stranger than a pickled monkey?
A pickled monkey and a stuffed crocodile are just some of the strange items a Richmond clutter consultant has come across in her work.
Rachael Hymas of Church Walk helps clear clutter from homes across Surrey and the south west and is challenging readers to surprise her with the weird and wonderful unwanted goods they have in their home.
"My training consultation involved helping someone clear the clutter after their friend had died. We found a pickled monkey in a glass jar on his dining room table and a stuffed crocodile in the bedroom," she said.
Rachel added: "The owner had been a great traveller when he was alive and had accumulated lots of weird and wonderful artifacts over the years. I have to admit that I doubt I'll come across anything quite as unusual as that as a consultant."
Rachel, who finished a clutter clearing training course in April, says the business has been particularly popular in America - but its appeal is now spreading across the Atlantic.
Married Rachel said: "I practice what I preach and have regular clutter clearing sessions in my own home. I know how frustrating, overwhelming and challenging clutter can be and how scared some people are of letting go of things, which is great for my clients because they know I can relate to what they're experiencing with their clutter. Working for The Clutter Clearing Consultancy enables me to help others learn the skill of clearing clutter.
"Clutter clearing is not about doing it for people, it's about enabling them to make the decisions and have a process to follow - after all, it's not my place to make judgements on other people's belongings. If it was as simple as that I'd save money and tell them to get a skip."
www.thisislocallondon.co.uk
What do you want to know more about?
If you have a topic that you would like to know more about, please drop us a line at tealady@mpt.org. We'll explore the opportunities to bring you the information you have interest in.
4
To the Manor Born
In a Class of Its Own
 Audrey and Richard
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To the Manor Born aired on BBC1 from 1979 to 1981, starring Penelope Keith and Peter Bowles, and received high audience figures for many of its episodes. In 2004, it came 21st in Britain's Best Sitcom. The first 20 episodes were written by Peter Spence, the creator, and the 1981 finale by Christopher Bond, the script associate.
In To the Manor Born Penelope Keith, who had became famous for playing Margo Leadbetter in the suburban sitcom The Good Life, plays Audrey fforbes-Hamilton, an upper-class woman who, upon the death of her husband, has to move out of her beloved manor house. The manor is then bought by Richard DeVere, played by Peter Bowles, a nouveau riche millionaire supermarket owner. DeVere and fforbes-Hamilton have a love-hate relationship which is eventually resolved in the 1981 finale, in which they marry.
 Richard and his mother, "Mrs. Poo"
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Peter Spence first thought of the idea behind To the Manor Born in the early 1970s when he was working for BBC Radio as a gag writer. One of the programs that Spence wrote for featured a Cockney comedian, who had recently bought a manor house in an English country village. When holding a housewarming party, the comedian invited the previous occupant, a widow who could not afford to keep the house up and had moved to a smaller house in the village. The comedian's account of the lady, and the conversation he had with her, Spence later described as a "perfect description" of Audrey.
 Margo
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A few years later, following the success of The Good Life, Spence was asked by BBC Radio to come up with an idea for a program to feature Keith. Thinking of Keith's character in The Good Life, Spence had the idea of an upper-class version of Margo Leadbetter, and from the account from the comedian, came up with Audrey fforbes-Hamilton. Instead of a Cockney comedian as the new owner of the manor, Spence decided on an American who sees the manor while in England looking for his roots. The American later discovers he is descended from the fforbes-Hamiltons. This was made into a radio pilot in 1976 with Bernard Braden as the American, but was never broadcast due to the interest to make it into a TV series.
 Ned, Marjory, Audrey and Brabinger
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When writing the TV series, Christopher Bond was brought in as the script associate and helped to adapt the series from radio to television. The American character was changed, and the idea of a character who appeared to be an English gentleman but turns out not to be, was thought of. It was then decided that this character needed someone who could reveal his real background, and his mother was created, although it was not until Spence had nearly finished the first series that she was written in from the beginning. The characters of Brabinger and Marjory followed soon after. The first episode aired on September 30, 1979, a year after Keith had played Margo Leadbetter for the last time in The Good Life.
The Insider, by N. Scott Jones, Fall 2007
5
History of Tea Tree Oil
The history of Tea Tree Oil and where this Essential Oil came from.
In 1770, Captain James Cook of the British Royal Navy set down from the H.M.S. Endeavor at Botany Bay, Australia landing near to the eventual site of present day Sydney. From there, he traveled north through the coastal regions of New South Wales. In New South Wales he found masses of trees thick with sticky, aromatic leaves that by boiling rendered a spicy tea, but as they fell into the waters of the surrounding lagoons created waters that today are still considered magical healing waters.
History of Tea Tree Oil and It's Natives
The local inhabitants, aborigines, told him about the healing powers of these trees. The leaves of this tea tree were used for many years by the indigenous peoples of Australia. The Australian aboriginal people used tea tree leaves to treat cuts and wounds. Freshly cut leaves were applied directly to an injury, and then held in place with a mud pack. The medicinal effects of this poultice were so powerful that it helped combat infection in the wound and also overcome the potential for further infection caused by the non-sterile mud pack.
The History of Tea Tree Oil in the 19th Century
Tea Tree's effects as a folk medicine spread among Europeans as they settled Australia in the 19th century. Gradually the scientific community began to research and document the effects of the plant (Tea Tree), especially the bactericidal and germicidal properties of the oil.
The early explorers could not have known that 150 years later, Melaleuca Alternifolia (Tea Tree) as it was called by Captain Cook, would be used as a medicinal agent for cuts, burns, bites, and a host of skin ailments.
History of Tea Tree Oil from 1923
Dr. A. R. Penfold, curator and chemist at the Government Museum of Technology and Applied Sciences in Sydney, Australia, conducted a study of the leaves of the tea tree. Dr. Penfold discovered their essential oils to be thirteen times stronger an antiseptic bactericide than carbolic acid, considered the universal standard in the early 1900s.
Dr. Penfold noted Melaleuca Alternifolia is quite common, and exists in very large areas in the North Coast district of New South Wales. It yields 1.8% of an oil of pale lemon tint, with a pleasant terpenic myristic odor. This is prepared on a commercial scale, and it particularly recommended as a non-poisonous, non irritant antiseptic of unusual strength.
The History of Tea Tree Oil During the War
During World War II, an outbreak of foot-fungus became so bad that they had to hospitalize hundreds of Australian soldiers. Nothing seemed to work. One day, a medic who was an aborigine from Australia, remembered about the Tea Tree and got some of the essential oil (pure). The doctors coated the affected soldiers' feet with the pungent smelling oil, and the fungus was killed within a few days! Tea Tree Oil was so effective as a basic antiseptic, that in World War II soldiers were issued a bottle along with their first aid kit. They found it effective on all sorts of cuts, burns, scratches and infections.
The Modern History of Tea Tree Oil, It's Production and Quality Assurance
Tea Tree oil production has kept up with demand and at one point far exceeded it but more recently Australia has developed and bred trees with a combination of high yield, high quality, and a consistent product. Be aware, that there are several varieties of tea tree oil that come from different tea trees or melaleuca tree species. They include Manuka, Kanuak, and Lemon Scented Tea Tree Oils.
With modern faming methods, and the fact that the Tea Tree grows fast, there's plenty of its oil to go around. There are schools and organizations that devote valuable time and effort into developing better tea tree oil, better crops for the farmer, and research uses and medical applications for us all. So-called 'modern medicine' can't argue with the effectiveness of Tea Tree Oil on hundreds of maladies.
Make sure you buy the best quality tea tree oil, and that you know it is guaranteed to be the best. In Australia, the Australian Tea Tree Oil Industry Association (ATTIA) has a standard that to be assured that your Tea Tree Oil is 100% pure. Check to see if you are buying more than a 15 ml bottle, that's about a half-ounce in the USA, that it is packaged in a dark glass bottle. According to ATTIA, any tea tree oil packaged in a clear glass or plastic bottle that holds more than 15ml or one-half ounce is not 100% pure tea tree oil!
www.teatreewonders.com
6
Becoming Jane Austen
The True Love Story That Inspired
the Classic Novels
by John Spence
Part of a continuing series.
Susannah herself might have benefited from a lesson or two. She was a complainer. In her next letter she moaned about not having pleasant neighbours, and Cassandra, back home from London, replied briefly but not unsympathetically: "Indeed my dear sister I do most sincerely pity your lonely situation, should have been most happy had fortune placed us in the same neighbourhood." But fortune hadn't so that was that.
Susannah held to her theme, saying she knew the Austens put off a visit to Kent because the Walter's neighbours were not worth meeting. This time Cassandra replied more bluntly:
I wish my dear brother and sister Walter were not more than thirty instead of eighty miles from us, for believe me 'tis the distance, not the place you live in, which prevents my visiting you so often as I could wish. For your own sake I wish you were removed from the parsonage, as I think you would be happier any where else, but as to myself it is a matter of indifference. I know and care so very little about your neighbours, that they would never prevent my coming, as my visit would be to you, not to them.
Jane Austen
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She set Susannah right: Susannah was attributing her own feeling about her neighbours to the Austens and, even worse, confusing reason with feeling. The truth of why the Austens did not go to visit the Walters in Kent was rational, not emotional. Kent was too far to too.
In fact, on the rational side, Cassandra could have said a lot more: it wasn't just distance that kept them away from Kent; they had three small children, and she was pregnant with her fourth child; the Austens were relatively poor and George had a profession that demanded his time and energies. In the light of these facts, Cassandra's only mentioning distance seems almost delicate and reticent.
7
Tea Advisor
Aspects of Tea Production
From the very first imports the tea trade between China and Britain was a monopoly of the East India Company until 1834, and was hugely profitable. The East India Company's main activities were, however, in India. It was there that the Company had transacted most of its business, and then made the extraordinary transition from being a trading company to ruling a nation.
The Company had established its first 'factory" at Surat on the coast of western India in 1619. During the remainder of the seventeenth century and into the eighteenth it established more trading posts in India, some of them well fortified. There had been clashes with local princes, and sometimes these had resulted in bloodshed, but the Company remained a purely commercial venture.
Much of India in the mid eighteenth century was under the nominal control of the Mughal Emperor at Delhi. This regime, severely weakened by attacks from both the Marathas of western India and from the Afghans, was in decline. Several of the Emperor's princes had declared themselves independent, and others only made nominal homage. One of the latter was the nawah of Bengal in east India, where the Company had a factory at Calcutta. An attack on this factory by the nawah, who was incensed that the Company was fortifying its factory without his permission, resulted in the temporary expulsion of the British. Retribution followed. The Company sent an army under Robert Clive, which in 1757 defeated the nawah. A puppet nawah, who had colluded with Clive, was put in his place.
The new nawah, Mir Kasim, became appalled by the excesses of the Company's British servants, who used private armies to enrich themselves. Clive, when he returned from a visit to England, reported that 'such a scene of anarchy, confusion, bribery, corruption, and extortion was never seen or heard of in any country but Bengal, nor such and so many fortunes acquired in so unjust and rapacious a way.' Mir Kasim broke with the Company, and put together a Mughal army to fight it. In the ensuing battle the Mughals were totally defeated.
Tea | By Roy Moxham
8
Mystery of the Month
What Is Your Guess?
Case One
A man leaves his rowdy travel companions to seek some peace and quiet. After a long walk, he hears a voice telling him to return to his group. He returns feeling better, and carries with him some important instructions he discovered at the end of his walk. To his surprise, the rowdy group is entirely out of control and has surrounded a large farm animal.
The Mystery
Who is the man and where is he?
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Clues
- The man and his group are near a famous mountain.
- The man's long walk lasted several days.
- The group of people numbered in the thousands.
- The farm animal was made of gold.
- The country was in Egypt.
Case Two
A man finds himself surrounded by hostile strangers who literally want of piece of him. He flees, but encounters fierce animals and natural obstacles. Finally, he places his trust in a friendly stranger, only to be betrayed and murdered.
The Mystery
Who is the man and who betrays him?
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Clues
- The man is fond of speaking in rhymes.
- He can't swim, but the friendly stranger can.
- Before his escape, the man is kept in an oven.
- The friendly stranger is known for his clever and fox demeanor.
- The man is irresistibly sweet.
Be sure to check the October 2008 edition of the Tea Times for the answers
Answers to August Mysteries:
Case One: The individual is the Cat in the Hat. Dr. Seuss (Theodor Geisel) made him famous.
Case Two: The stranger is Vickie's date. He is taking her to the prom.
9
England's Calendar of Events | September
Dredging the First Oyster
September 2008
Colchester
With the traditional involvement of civic dignitaries in their full regalia, the time-honoured opening of the oyster-fishing season in the Pyefleet Channel off Mersea Island takes place at the end of summer. The Mayor of the Borough of Colchester, along with the Chief Executive and the Town Serjeant, marks the opening by dredging the first oyster, followed by an oyster lunch on the barge Hydrogen.
The borough's ownership of the oyster banks dates back to the Charter of 1189, and this traditional opening ceremony can be dated back as far as 1540. Also traditional is the sending of a communication to the Queen at Balmoral Castle reading: "According to ancient Custom and Charter dating back to Norman times, the Mayor and Councillors of the Colchester Borough Council will formerly proclaim the Opening of the Colne Oyster Fishery for the coming season and will drink to your Majesty's long life and health and request respectfully to offer to your Majesty their expressions of dutiful loyalty and devotion."
The first dredging, formally witnessed by around 40 guests, is preceded by a gin and gingerbread toast to the Queen and the Chief Executive's reading of the Proclamation - an ancient tongue-twister - to officially declare the fishery open for the season.
After the dredging the assembled guests join the civic dignitaries for an oyster lunch on board the sailing barge Hydrogen, with the oysters - known locally as the "Pyefleet natives" - provided by Mr. Kerryson.
Oysters have been cultivated in the tidal estuaries around Colchester since before the times of the Roman invasion. Romans found these succulent shellfish so delicious that they set about establishing an industry around the Colchester beds and even exported them to Rome.
www.whatsonwhen.com
Kilbroney Show
September 6, 2008
Kilbroney Park
The Kilbroney Show is Ireland's largest old vehicle event, taking place at Kilbroney Park, County Down. Around 1000 vehicles and 20,000 spectators come to the event from all over the British Isles, helping to raise thousands for charity.
By 9am, cars, lorries, buses, tractors and motorcycles start pouring into the park to be minutely examined by vintage car buffs. All makes and models of vehicles first registered on or before 31 December 1979 are welcome, as are autojumblers and traders.
Kilbroney Park is at the foot of the scenic Mourne Mountains, so if the weather is good, the day is a real treat for vintage car lovers. Bad weather can threaten the show and visitors are advised to call the organisers before planning a trip. Please visit The Association of Old Vehicle Clubs in Northern Ireland website for the latest information.
www.whatsonwhen.com
The Gorgeous Mendip Walking Festival
September 6-7, 2008
Cheddar
The Gorgeous Mendip Walking Festival (formerly The Gorge Outdoor Festival) in Cheddar offers various walks, each with a different theme and level of ability, ranging from a teddy bear's picnic for toddlers to a 30-mile walk for the dedicated.
Each ramble is organised by an expert - representatives from the Mendip Society reveal the history of the gorgeous Cheddar Gorge, while others from the National Trust focus on conservation issues. This is a brilliant way to discover a beautiful part of England - but save some energy to enjoy the local ale at the end of the day.
Other activities on offer include cycling and climbing. Please contact the organisers for booking forms and details.
www.whatsonwhen.com
10
Island Grilled Halibut Steaks
MPT's "Primal Grill with Steven Raichlen" held a grilling recipe contest, the winner of which was announced in August. We are sharing the winning recipe with you because you might want to try it at your Labor Day party!
Pineapple Cilantro Butter
- ½ cup soft salted butter
- 3 tablespoons crushed pineapple, well drained
- 3 tablespoons minced cilantro
- ¼ teaspoon cayenne
Marinade
- 1 cup of coconut milk
- 2 tablespoons lime juice
- 2 tablespoons pineapple juice
- 1 ½ teaspoons jerk seasoning
- 2 tablespoons brown sugar
- ¼ cup soy sauce
- 4 halibut steaks, 1 inch thick
- ¼ cup chopped macadamia nuts
Stir together the butter, pineapple, cilantro, and cayenne. Form butter into a roll, and place on a piece of waxed paper or parchment paper. Chill until needed.
Whisk together the coconut milk, lime juice, pineapple juice, jerk seasoning, brown sugar, and soy sauce. Pour mixture over halibut steaks, then cover and marinate in refrigerator for 1-2 hours. Drain fish, and discard marinade.
Heat grill to medium high, and oil grate liberally. Place steaks on grill and cook 5-6 minutes per side or until fish flakes easily. Remove fish from grill and place on serving plate. Place 2 tablespoons of the Pineapple Cilantro butter on each halibut steak. Garnish with chopped macadamias and a cilantro sprig.
Serves 4.
www.myrecipes.com
11
Afternoon Teaisms
Rhymes and Wits
It is not real work unless you would rather be doing something else.
J.M. Barrie (1860-1937)
Rectorial address, St. Andrew's University
Scotland, 3 May 1922
Work is an expression of personality. It is achievement. It is one of the ways in which a person defines himself, measures his worth, and his humanity.
Peter F. Drucker (1909-)
Management: Tasks, Responsibilities, Practices
1974, abr., 1977There is as much dignity in tilling a field as in writing a poem.
Booker T. Washington (1856-1915)
Atlanta Exposition address. 18 September 1895
Up from Slavery: An Autobiography, 1901Source: Quotationary by Leonard Roy Frank